Gun-operating cartridge.



J. D. PEDERSEN.

GUN OPERATING CARTRIDGE.

APPLICATION FILED OGT.21,1911. RENEWED 001*. 2B, 1913.

Patented May 26, 1914.

M Jfin DPedens'en, W p A:

Joint 11. rEnE RsEN, or Morison, WYOMING.

GUN-OPERATING cAniitinenl meat-s81 Specification of iettbi'sfatent.

Patented May 26, 1914.

Application filedflctober 21, 1911, Seria1No.655,8 51. Renewed October as; 1913. Serial No. 797,867.

both the powder and the shot.

My improved cartridge is especially designed for use in self-loading fire-arms, and for this purpose I have devised a combinationof the tubular shell portion and the cartridge head, whereby on firing the cartridge the head portion moves backwardly out of the gun barrel for adistancesuflicient to deliver the required amount of power to the mechanism of the gun.

In the drawing accompanying and forming a part of this specification, Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cartridge made in accordance with my invention, and shown located in the bore ofa gun-barrel in position ready for firing. Fig. 2 is a-similar view showing the shell of the cartridge as located in thebarrel after firing.

Similar charactersdesignate like parts in all of the figures.

For the purpose of illustration, the cartridge (designated in a general way by E, Fig. 1,) is shown in'closed in the rear of the gun barrel L. In Fig. 1 the cartrldge, which is shown in section, is in position for firing. In Fig. 2 the positions of the head H, and theshell portion, S, of thecartridge are shown in a changed relation, as occuring after the charge has been fired and with the cartridge head moved backwardly (toward the left hand,) from its position in Fig. 1 to the dotted line 2. As a means for providing for this rearward movement of the head of the cartridge while the shell S remains in place, I have constructed the head to operate after the manner of a piston and to thus be adapted to slide backwardly relatively to the barrel and within the rearward'portion of the shell, during the time in which the gas pressureis continued within the shell. This object is accomplished byso' constructing and arranging the'details of the head and of the shell where these come together, that during the rearward moVement of the head in the shell the rearward int-urnedportion of the cartridge shell is reformed or reshaped without causing the separation of those two members. This rearward movement of the'head H relatively to the shell Sis permitted by reason of the space formed at 3 between the head and the shell, as illustrated in Fig. 1. In Fig. 2 the rearward portion of the shell is shown after the said portion, 6, has been drawn forward against the'inclined surface or stop-face, 7, of the head, this action occurring during the rearward movement of the head relatively to the gun-barrel.

Then the cartridge is in position for firing (Fig. 1) the head will, of course, rest against some part, as M, of the mechanism of the gun. When the cartridge head H is carried back by the force of the gas pressure the said member M Will be actuated there- 'by, and will thus serveto transmit from the cartridge to the gun mechanism a suflicient amount of power for immediately thereafter effecting the extraction of the cartridge shell and the insertion into the gun barrel of a fresh cartridge. The extent of the movement of the said member M will be, of course, not less than the movement of the cartridge head H, as will be understood by a comparison of the respective positionsof the several parts in Figs. 1 and 2.

The shell member, S, of the cartridge will usually be made to fit closely Within the bore of thegun barrel, L, and in the present instance I have shown the said shell having its barrel-portion extending of a uniform diameter from the forward end thereof, rearwardly to the point at 4 wherehit is turned inwardly to form the disk-like or flange portion 5. This inwardly-extending flange comprises, in effect, the parts or zones designated, in Fig. 1, by 5 and 6, respectively. The inner portion or zone 6 is one suitable means whereby to connect and hold the members S and H assembled together. The outer portion or Zone 5 is for the purpose of being subjectedto a change of shape or re-fo-rmation, whereby on the firing of the charge and the driving backwardly of the head member by the force of the gas presness and character of the metal in that reshapable portion of the shell at 5 should be such as to permit of the reshaping of the same under such an amount of gas pressure as will be developed in the cartridge in any given instance; this feature may, in practice, be readily ascertained by suit-ably trying the metal of which the cartridge shell is to be made. I

As one means for safeguarding and assisting the operation of the head H relative to the shell S, the head is provided with a forward extending rim, as 8, of sufficient size and resistance to prevent the same from being so far expanded by the gas pressure as to cause undue friction between the said head-flange and shell during the rearward movement of the head within the shell. The formed edge, 9, of the rim 8 serves as a gas check for preventing the gas from flowing back into the space 3. The rim or extension 8 is in the nature of a guide or piston, being fitted to slide within the shell, and preferably having a length suflicient to assist in holding the head in proper position or alinement during that sliding movement.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a cartridge for operating self-loading guns, the combination with the head member having means for engaging the inturned end of a tubular shell, and the tubular shell having at its rearward end an inwardly extended flange engaging with the head, said shell and head when thus assembled having between them an inclosed space located between surfaces which serve as stops for limiting the rearward movement of the head relatively to the shell when the head is driven rearwardly of the shell on the firing of the cartridge.

2. In a cartridge for operating self-loading guns, in combination, the head member having a channel for receiving the inturned rearward end of a tubular shell, and the tubular shell having its rearward end turned inwardly and engaging in said channel, said shell and head when thus united having between them a space located between stop faces arranged for limiting the rearward movement of the head relatively to the barrel portion of the shell when the head is driven rearwardly of the shell on the firing of the cartridge.

3. In a cartridge for operating self-loading guns, the combination with the head member shaped for receiving the inturned end of a tubular shell, and the tubular shell having at its rearward end an inwardly extended flange which on its inner edge is permanently united with the head, said shell and head when thus assembled having between them an inclosed space located rear ward of a surface on the head and which serves as a stop for limiting the rearward movement of the head relatively to the shell when the head is driven rearwardly of the shell on the firing of the cartridge.

4. In a cartridge for operating self-loading guns, the combination with a tubular shell and with a head member connected with the shell for a rearward movement relatively thereto, of a stop face located on the head for limiting the rearward movement of the head, and a forwardly extending rim on the head bearing against the inner surface of the shell and serving as a guide, during such rearward movement of the head.

5. In a cartridge for operating self-loading guns, the combination with a tubular shell and with ahead member connected with the shell for a rearward movement relatively thereto, of a stop face located for limiting the rearward movement of the head, and a forwardly extending rim on the head bearing against the inner surface of the shell and having its forward edge adapted for serving as a gas check, substantially as described.

6. In a cartridge for operating self-loading guns, the combination with a tubular shell and with a head member connected with the shell for a rearward movement relatively thereto, of a stop face located on the head forward of an inclosed space, for limiting the rearward movement of the head, and a forwardly extending guide-rim and gascheck bearing against the inner surface of the shell, substantially as described.

7. The combination in a gun-operating cartridge, of the rigid head member having a circumferential channel therein for receiving the inturned rearward end of the tubular shell, and having a bearing face located forward of said circumferential channel, and the tubular shell having at its rearward end an inwardly extending flange for engaging in the said circumferential channel in the head member for holding the head assembled with the shell, and the said two members having, when assembled ready for use, a space between the said flange of the shell and the said stop face of the head, whereby on firing the charge the outer portion or zone of said inturned portion of the shell may be reshaped for permitting the backward movement of the head relatively to the shell member of the cartridge through a distance limited by the amount of said space, and whereby the reshaped portion of the shell member is brought against the said face of the head member, substantially as desgop face of ]the hefadhnuember, and thereby scribed. t e two mem ers 0 t e empty cartrid e remain firmly united in the said changed posi- JOHN PEDERSEN' 5 tion of the head relatively to the shell, and Witnesses:

thus providing for the extraction of the A. O. DUSENBERRY, shell through the action of the said stop MARY W. GARDNER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

. Washington, D. 0. 

